Republic of Singapore, back to pre-colonial era, written records of Singapore found sketchy and partially reliable due to the matter of time. The most ancient name of modern Singapore appeared in the 3rd century's record was that the Chinese name "Pu-Luo-Chung," or "Island at the End of Peninsula."

In 1330, Wang Ta Yuan, a Chinese chronicler had noted down about a small number of Chinese residing at Malay Trading Settlement. In order to run away from invaders on time, those Chinese had to live in their own vessels as the island was coveted by various foreign powerful countries such as Siamese from Ayuthaya, Cholas from southern India, Majapahit from East Java, and Srivijayans from Sumatra. That's why Wang Ta Yuan had described the place as a "dreaded pirate haunt" haunted by Asian seafarers voyaged from all parts of Asia.
In 1365, the island was named as "Temasek," or "Sea Town," recorded in Javanese Nagarakkretagama due to its being a focal point of numerous settlers who lived their lives by trading between the Malay and the Chinese. But then the Palembang prince named Parameswara arrived after looking for shelter under the furious storm. The prince suddenly saw a strange creature looked alike a tiger or lion, yet the prince determined to rename the island "Singapura," or in Sanskrit "Lion City." Unluckily, at that time there was a struggle between Siam (modern Thailand) and the Java-based Majapahit Empire for the power upon the Malay Peninsula. Refer to the "Malay Annals"; Singapore was conquered by one of the Majapahit attacks. Shortly after, Paramesawara successfully killed Majapahit's troops and had them at his feet. After that he ousted Majapahit and declared himself a new ruler instead. Then at around 1500, the Sanskrit name, Singapura (Lion City) was commonly used.

Singapore today, with a population of 4.1 million, it is a multi-racial society which enjoys religious harmony like: Buddhism are main religions, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and Taoism. Places of worship welcome visitors, however visitors are expected to be properly attired and to respectfully witness the ceremonies or rites. Please note that shoes are not to be worn in Hindu temples and mosques. And there four official languages English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil , with Malay as the national language and English as the language of business and administration.

As Singapore rules similar to the British system; the power of judiciary is in the hands of the Supreme Court which consists of the High Court, the Court of Appeal and the Court of Criminal Appeal. Subordinate courts include District Courts and Magistrates Courts which act as the hearings for some cases.
Prime Minister in Singapore is appointed by the Parliament as the head of the cabinet. The unicameral parliament is managed by 83 elected members and actually lasts for five years but a ruling government can denounce the parliament at any time if the corruption is infected.